端午节要知道的冷知识 (附端午节英语写作范文）

时间：2024-06-08 12:27:59 作者： 字数：10645字


又是一年端午时，小伙伴们翘首以盼的端午节来临啦！


都知道端午节要纪念屈原、吃粽子、赛龙舟、喝雄黄酒、插艾草、拴五彩线……


但是关于端午的这些知识，你知道吗？


屈原居然不姓屈

屈原其实姓芈(发米音)，司马迁曾在屈原列传中说：“屈原，名平，楚之同姓者也。”楚国国君姓芈，至少在春申君黄歇代楚自立之前，楚的国姓就是芈。屈是屈原的氏，当时姓与氏分开。如《始皇本纪》：“（嬴政）姓赵氏。”


端午居然有20多个名称

据统计，端午节的别名大概有20多个，堪称节日别名之最。有端午节、天中节、天医节、女儿节、当五汛、地蜡节、躲五节、菖蒲节、沐兰节、龙日节、五黄节、端礼节、重午节、夏节、五月节、解粽节、屈原日、正阳节、龙舟节、端阳节、粽子节等等。



餐桌上的“五黄”指什么？

五黄指的是：黄鳝、黄鱼、黄瓜、咸蛋黄和黄酒。中医认为，农历五月初五的端午节，是一年中阳气最盛的时候，可结合端午节节气的力量，提升精力。古时，五黄餐是富人才有的排场。端午不妨也搞个端午“五黄”聚会，让老风俗也有新滋味。


传统佳节不只是美食和仪式，更是节日背后悠久深远的传统文化。除了以上这些知识，再让我们一起深入学习端午节吧！

The Dragon Boat Festivalfallson the fifth day of the fifthlunar month. There are many different legends (传说) about the festival, but the most famous one is about Qu Yuan, a patriotic (爱国的) poet of the State of Chu during the Warring States Period (475- 221BC).
农历五月初五是端午节。关于这个节日有很多传说，其中流传最广的是与战国时期（公元前475到221年）楚国爱国诗人屈原相关。
fallv[一词多义]（日期）适逢
lunar month 阴历一个月

Qu Yuanis said to havebeenloyaland patriotic his whole life. When he realized thedeclineof Chu wasbeyond recovery, his remorse (自责) knowing he could no longer save it grew stronger and stronger. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, he threw himself into the river anddied forhisbelovedhomeland.
屈原一生忠贞爱国，在意识到楚国即将灭亡时，他为自己无力救国感到非常自责。于农历五月初五投河自尽，以身殉国。
be said to ... 据说……
loyaladj忠诚的；忠实的（近 true；反disloyal）
declinen[学术词] [一词多义] 衰落；衰退
beyond recovery 无法复兴
die for 为……献出生命
belovedadj钟爱的

Localsliving adjacent (临近的) to the river rushed into their boats to search for him. They threw jiaoshu (rice dumplings) and other food into the river tokeepfish and turtlesfrom devouring(狼吞虎咽地吃) Qu Yuan’s body.
屈原投江后，住在河边的当地人为了捞救他，撑船从四面八方赶来。为使他的遗体不被鱼鳖侵食，人们往江中投放角黍（粽子）等食物。
localn[常用复数] 当地人
keep ... from doing sth 阻止……做某事


Later, to commemorate (纪念) this patriotic poet, the customs of holding dragon boat races and throwing jiaoshu into the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month werepassed down, giving rise tothe name Dragon Boat Festival.
后来，为了纪念这位爱国诗人，五月初五“龙舟竞渡”，“角黍投江”等习俗被传承下来，由此得名端午节。
lateradv以后；后来
pass down 世代相传；流传
give rise to [正式用语] 引起

In September 2009, the Dragon Boat Festival became China’s first festival to be selected for the world’sintangible cultural heritage. Most Chinese festivalsare related tospecific foods, and the Dragon Boat Festival is noexception.
2009年9月，端午节成为中国首个入选世界非物质文化遗产的节日。大多数中国节日都与特定的食物有关，端午节也不例外。
intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产
[“非物质文化遗产”与“物质文化遗产”相对，合称“文化遗产”。截止到2020年12月，中国已有42个项目被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产名录（名册），位居世界第一]
be related to 与……有关
exceptionn例外（except + -ion）

The zongzi is anindispensable(必不可少的) food for the Dragon Boat Festival. In the past, every family would soak (浸泡) glutinous rice (糯米) , prepare reed (芦苇) leaves forwrapping,wrapthe rice around sweetfillingssuch as jujube and bean paste or savory (咸味的) ones, like fresh meat or ham andtiethemupintopyramidalshapes.
粽子是端午节必不可少的食物。过去，每到端午家家都要浸糯米，准备包粽子的芦苇叶，把米裹进小枣、豆沙、鲜肉、火腿等或甜或咸的馅料，包成形状灵巧的三角粽。
wrapv（用……）包；裹
fillingn馅（fill + -ing）
tie up 系紧；捆牢
pyramidaladj金字塔形的（pyramid + -al）


Zongzi, which is very popular in China, are nowmass-producedon the production line. Many people choose to buy ready-to-eat products. Wufangzhai, one of China’s largest zongzi producers,ships outmore than 3 million pieces a day during the Dragon Boat Festival and the their annual production of zongzi exceeds (超出) 400 million pieces.
粽子深受中国人喜爱，如今已被送上成熟的生产线。很多人选择直接购买成品粽子。五芳斋，中国最大的粽子生产企业之一，端午时节每天发货超过300万只，全年粽子销量超过4亿只。
mass-producedadj大规模生产的
ship out（用船、飞机、卡车等）运送

In Qu Yuan’s hometown, Zigui county of Central China’s Hubei province, agranddragon boat race is held every year during the Dragon Boat Festival. This folk activity has been passed downfrom generation to generation,dating backmore than 2,000 years.
在屈原的故乡，中国中部湖北省秭归县，每年端午节都有盛大的龙舟大赛。这项民俗活动代代相传，延续至今已有2000多年历史。
grandadj盛大的；宏大的
from generation to generation 世世代代
[generation: generate + -ion]
date back追溯到


Today, China’s dragon boat racing has developed from a local activity into a grand sportseventand even became aninternationalsporting event. There are more than 85 countries andregionsin the world that holds dragon boat races annually.
如今，中国赛龙舟由地方的群众性活动发展成重大的体育比赛项目，甚至成为国际性体育赛事。目前世界上已经有超过85个国家和地区每年开展龙舟赛。
eventn比赛项目；体育比赛
internationaladj国际的；世界的（inter- + national）
regionn[学术词] 地区

The Boston Dragon Boat Festival has been held for 40 years and the Toronto International Dragon Boat Festival haswitnessedmore than 30 years or races. China’s dragon boats have “rowed” to the world.
如美国波士顿龙舟节已举办40届，加拿大多伦多国际龙舟节已举办30余届。中国龙舟已“划”向了世界。
witnessv[名词动化] 是发生……的地点（或时间、组织等）；见证
rowv划（船）

在中高考中，中国传统节日是个热门考点。不如再学学如何用英语介绍端午节。


介绍端午节
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Maria对中国的传统节日端午节很感兴趣，希望你给她写信介绍端午节。
信中应包括以下几点：
1. 端午节是中国重要的传统节日之一；
2. 端午节的时间是每年的农历五月初五；
3. 人们庆祝端午节是为了纪念中国伟大的诗人屈原；
4. 人们在端午节吃粽子、赛龙舟；
5. 你自己对中华民族传统节日的认识。


范文
Dear Maria,
I'm very happy that you are interested in Chinese culture, especially the festivals. Now let me tell you something about the Dragon Boat Festival. The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Duanwu Festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar. People always eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races to celebrate it.
The festival is best known for its dragon-boat races, especially in the southern places where there are many rivers and lakes. It’s very popular.
The rice dumpling is made of glutinous rice, meat and so on. You can eat different kinds of rice dumplings. They are very delicious.
And Dragon Boat Festival is for Qu Yuan. He is an honest minister who is said to have committed suicide by drowning himself in a river.
Overall, the Dragon Boat Festival is very interesting!
Your friend
Li Hua


邀请共度端午节
假定你是李华。端午节即将到来，请你写一封信邀请加拿大留学生Peter来你家过端午节。
信的主要内容包括：
1. 表达你诚挚的邀请；
2. 对端午节做简单介绍；
3. 介绍你家乡的庆祝活动。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。


范文

Dear Peter,
I would like to extend a heartfelt invitation to you. Since the Dragon Boat Festival is around the corner, I sincerely invite you to my home to have a happy time together.
The Dragon Boat Festival is one of the major festivals in China. The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Duanwu Festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by eating zongzi and racing dragon boats.
You have told me many times in your letters that you are fond of boating. Now I am sure that your dream will come true soon, because there will be a dragon boat race in my hometown during the Dragon Boat Festival.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua


邀请参加端午节活动
假定你是李华，计划和同学骑自行车去西湖过端午节（the Dragon Boat Festival)。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往。
内容包括：
1. 出发及返回时间；
2. 活动：吃粽子(rice dumpling)、观看龙舟比赛等。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

范文

Dear Lucy,
I’d like to invite you to join us to cycle to the West Lake next Saturday for the Dragon Boat Festival.
The Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of the death of the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. There will be a variety of activities such as eating rice dumplings, throwing rice dumplings into the river and so on. We’ll also spend some fun time together watching the dragon boat race, which will make us experience Chinese traditional culture. We should be back around 6 o’clock in the afternoon.
If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we’ll wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua

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